Mass Communication

Mass communication is the communication that is done to a large number of people using electronic or print media. This enables professional communicators to enslave the mechanical media and exert some influence, spreading messages to a wide range of receivers, both large and wide.
Mass means great mass in English. Thus communicating to a large crowd is mass communication. Thus mass communication can be divided into two parts.

1. Print media newspapers

● Magazines
● Books
● Photos
● Art

2. Electronic media

● Radio
● Television

Meanwhile, different scholars have expressed different views on mass communication

"Mass Communication is the process of delivering a message through the media to a large number of people who do not know each other" (Hiebert, Ungurait, Born, 1988).

"The process by which professional communicators enslave the mechanical media and exert some influence by spreading the message to a wide variety of receivers, both large and wide and continuous" (Defleur and Dennis, 2002)

There must be media literacy in general for media use. Its simple meaning is the ability to accurately and comprehensively capture the message conveyed by the media. This is a common feature of the above functions. This requires literacy.
In mass communication, the communicator is the announcer. The receiver is a very large group of people. They grab these from different areas.

There is a special connection between mass communication and technology. A formal institutional pattern conveys a general message to the public. It is the hope of some electronic media to bring it about through immediate action, which is why instant has become such an essential element.

The mass communication process is a very complex process. Different scholars have come up with different models of this. Of those
The model presented by Ray Eldon Hiebert, Donald R Ungurait and Thomas W Bohn is technically the closest model to mass communication.

Therefore, the first three letters of the names of these three scholars have been used to name the HUB (hub) model. Power and Social Relations Various Limits and Controls in the Media The book also addresses issues such as counter-feedback, media expansion, and the distorted media distortion and noise that are real in the mass communication process. The following are eight relevant elements.

1. Communicators
2. Code
3. Gatekeepers
4. The media
5. Regulators
6. Filters
7. Subscriber fields
8. Effects


Communicators

Communicators are people who are involved in a particular communication activity. Also, not only individuals but also media institutions should be considered in the position of communicators. A media organization is made up of reporters, editors, photographers, printers, and distributors.

Code (signal)

Signs are symbols used by communicators to express their ideas. The signals used vary by subject area. There are symbols used in various fields such as music, science, mathematics and language. In addition, the way a newspaper page is organized, the amount of space it has, the camera angle of a film, still image editing tricks, are called signals.

Gatekeepers

Not all information provided by the above communicators is transmitted to the subscriber in the same way. It is subject to adjustments, adjustments, adjustments, adjustments, adjustments, adjustments, adjustments, adjustments, adjustments, adjustments, adjustments, adjustments, adjustments, adjustments. Sometimes the program has to be discarded when the head of the organization or the editorial board is not satisfied. Existing political, economic and social factors also contribute to the gatekeeping process.

Information Technology Media

It is through the media that the message travels to a wider audience to build a larger audience in the communication process. There are also some special qualities of these media.

● High speed communication
● Use of electronic equipment
● Ability to communicate with large groups at once.
● Newspapers, radio, television are the media.

Regulators

There are people inside and outside the relevant institutions who are watching the information flowing through the media with interest. Those in the institutions are the gatekeepers. In addition, there are a number of regulatory bodies outside the organization.
These include the State Commission, the Press Complaints Commission, the Press Council, the Public Performance Board, the judiciary, consumer rights groups, research institutes, fundamental rights law, various legislation, media ethics and regulatory regulators.
The above regulations are designed to prevent the spread of harmful information to government policies, government agencies, private institutions, religions, cultures, and government standards. Criteria used for this include rules, ordinances, traditions, etc.
In some parts of the world, media channels, as well as advertising agencies and multinational corporations that influence media outlets, act as regulators.

Filters

Not all information provided by a media outlet flows into society at once. It depends on the subscription. Educational, cultural, economic status, economic status, social status, priority, religious beliefs, political ideology, geographical factors and infrastructure are some of the factors that influence the flow of information through the media. Media literacy also impedes a high level of enjoyment.

Subscribers

The mass of subscribers caught up in the media is huge. The group of receptors is also expanding, as the fluid in a pool initially starts small, but eventually spreads over a large area. Modern society is heavily influenced by the media, so the amount of information that comes from each other is huge. Examining the location of the receivers in the HUB model presented by the three scientists mentioned above, it is clear that the receiver is found in a wide circle, passing a number of points from the communicator. That is, the communication process goes through several layers as it progresses to the end

Effects

The functional change in a recipient after receiving a message is called the effect of the message. I hope to have a say in every communication process. There are times when it happens with a purpose as well as without a purpose. The effect of this is sometimes good and sometimes bad. The effect is twofold

● Impact on the individual
● As an impact on society.

Feedback

Recipient's feedback on a communicator's message to their subscriber is called feedback .This feedback is in two parts.

● Immediate feedback
● As a late feedback.

The success or failure of a message depends on feedback.

Media distortion and noise

This situation can be created if there are interruptions in mass communication. Media interference and semantic interference can occur here in particular. Environmental constraints are also a cause of media distortion. This means that the message is not being received properly.

Media Expansion

Media expansion is when the media focuses more on something. It can be about a person or an event. Sometimes such incidents are reported in the media
Here perspective is also important Ideological work can emerge here.

● The benefits of mass communication
● Cognition
● Diversion
● Social Utility
● Extraction